WHAT IS YELLOW FEVER
Yellow fever is a viral infection spread by a particular type of mosquito. The infection is most common in areas of Africa and South America, affecting travelers to and residents of those areas.In mild cases, yellow fever causes a fever, headache, nausea and vomiting. But yellow fever can become more serious, causing heart, liver and kidney problems along with bleeding (hemorrhaging). Up to 50 percent of people with the more-severe form of yellow fever die of the disease.There's no specific treatment for yellow fever. But getting a yellow fever vaccine before traveling to an area in which the virus is known to exist can protect you from the disease Severe yellow fever disease can be deadly. If you develop any of these symptoms, see a healthcare provider immediately.Among those who develop severe disease, 30-60% die.
The CausesBites from infected YF carryng mosquitoes
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The SymptomsMost people won't feel any symptoms.Some may feel these initial symptoms:
Fever Headache Muscle aches, particularly in your back and knees Sensitivity to light Nausea, vomiting or both Loss of appetite Dizziness Red eyes, face or tongue Severe symptoms include: High fever Yellow skin (jaundice) Bleeding Shock Organ failure |
The TreatmentsThere is no medicine to treat or cure infection from yellow fever.
Rest, drink fluids, and use pain relievers and medication to reduce fever and relieve aching. Avoid certain medications, such as aspirin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, for example ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), or naproxen (Aleve), which may increase the risk of bleeding. People with severe symptoms of yellow fever infection should be hospitalized for close observation and supportive care. |
Referecences:https://www.cdc.gov/yellowfever/symptoms/index.html
Recommended VaccineThe yellow fever vaccine provides protection against the virus for travelers and those living in areas where the disease is present. The vaccine is only available in an injectable form.Because the yellow fever vaccine is very safe and the disease risk is high, the CDC recommends this vaccine for adults and children over 9 months who will be traveling to high-risk areas. Some countries require proof of yellow fever immunization for entry. Because of this, all individuals who receive a yellow fever vaccination at Passport Health also receive an International Certificate of Vaccination (or ‘yellow card’) to certify they have been immunized. This card is what will be presented at an international entry point in most cases. |
DIN:00428833 |
REFERENCES:https://www.cdc.gov/yellowfever/symptoms/index.html
Where Does Yellow fever occur?
Yellow fever is common in sub-Saharan Africa (where it is endemic), countries in South America and a few other parts of the world.Many countries that do not require yellow fever vaccination for entry, do require proof of the yellow fever vaccine if coming from an infected region. The vaccine is recommended for travel outside urban areas especially in yellow fever endemic zones.
Fatal cases of yellow fever have occurred in unvaccinated tourists visiting areas within the yellow fever endemic zone. Some countries require a traveler, even if only in transit, to have a valid international certificate of yellow fever vaccination if he or she has been in a country either known or thought to harbor yellow fever.
Countries that require proof of Yellow Fever vaccination:
ANGOLA, BURUNDI, CAMEROON, CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC,
, COTE D'IVOIRE, DR CONGO, , FRENCH GUIANA, GABON,GHANA, GUINE-BISSAU,
LIBERIA, MALI, NIGER, SIERRA LEOENE, TGO, UGANDA
Fatal cases of yellow fever have occurred in unvaccinated tourists visiting areas within the yellow fever endemic zone. Some countries require a traveler, even if only in transit, to have a valid international certificate of yellow fever vaccination if he or she has been in a country either known or thought to harbor yellow fever.
Countries that require proof of Yellow Fever vaccination:
ANGOLA, BURUNDI, CAMEROON, CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC,
, COTE D'IVOIRE, DR CONGO, , FRENCH GUIANA, GABON,GHANA, GUINE-BISSAU,
LIBERIA, MALI, NIGER, SIERRA LEOENE, TGO, UGANDA